地球上的科学到底发生了什么事情？对于死亡的这些看法和议程对科学是否自然，仰或是科学共同体（ science establishment ）假借 “科学 ”的名义进行的神化宣传？ Could we have an effective science that might come to other conclusions? 我们是否可以有更有效的科学可能导致其他的结论？ This is a huge question - -and one essay can only solve part of the riddle.这是一个巨大的问题，一篇文章只能解决部分的谜。

In a prior paper, I discussed the unnatural attachment of the philosophy of materialism to science during the French Enlightenment, an attachment that has endured until the present time. My argument was that the assumption that science implies materialism is illogical, abnormal, and hindering to science.

以前的一篇文章 中，我讨论了法国启蒙时代将唯物论哲学非自然地覆辙于科学，这种状况延续至今。 My argument was that the assumption that science implies materialism is illogical, abnormal, and hindering to science.我的论点是，将唯物主义设置为科学的前提，不合逻辑，不正常，并阻碍科学的发展。

In this paper, I will consider three related questions: (1) What is a scientific theory and how do such theories rise and fall? (2) What is normal science and who is a scientist? and (3) What can a scientist know and what is beyond his reach? My main authorities for answering these questions are Thomas Kuhn, Immanuel Kant, Sir Isaac Newton, and Francis Bacon.

本文中，我会考虑三个相关的问题：（1 ）什么是科学的理论，以及科学理论的兴衰？（ 2） (2) What is normal science and who is a scientist?什么是正常的科学，以及谁是科学家？ and (3) What can a scientist know and what is beyond his reach? 及（3 ）什么是一个科学家可以知道的，以及什么是超越他的认识？回答这些问题的 My main authorities for answering these questions are Thomas Kuhn, Immanuel Kant, Sir Isaac Newton, and Francis Bacon.我的主要权威人士是托马斯 ·库恩（ Thomas Kuhn ），康德（Immanuel Kant ），牛顿（ Sir Isaac Newton ），以及培根（Francis Bacon ）。

接续篇：->3) What is a scientific theory? 什么是科学的理论呢？